Essay on Applying Theories to Children’s Literature

Applying Theories to Children’s Literature By reading books that was written a long time ago and reading the books that are written today, you can see that there are a difference in the theoretical models of childhood development that can be found in children’s literature. Children’s books and the literature have been used to help the children to classify how the world is. So many â€Å"thinkers† or â€Å"dreamers† thought that children’s development happens in different stages and that with each of the stages; it shows a different challenge for each individual child. When it comes to children’s literature, like â€Å"Harold and the Purple Crayon†, if successfully used, the literature can be used for parents to use to help the children to classify with†¦show more content†¦This theory explains how the reader understands the literature that they are reading and how they view the materials. A philosopher that studies in this area speculates that children’s litera ture is not the main subject to be studied when it comes to children and their literature. When you take a look at the book, â€Å"Harold and the Purple Crayon†, this book shows the reader and the children how to use their imagination when reading it by seeing how Harold us using his imaginations when it comes to the things he can do with his purple crayon. Harold wants to go on a walk in the moonlight but there is no moonlight for him to walk through so he takes his purple crayon and draws one to see by with, then he notices that he does not have a path so he draws one of those with his purple crayon. Just these few explanations of the book can help a child use their imagination and helps then to picture Harold doing these things. When asked what all does this mean? Well basically it comes down to is, us as adults and us being teachers to the children, we should be building on our children’s ability to speak and also how children gets that curiosity when it comes to sounds, senses and even language. The only way we as adults and their teachers can help them with this is by talking using adult words and not using baby talk to them. Harold and the Purple Crayon would follow under the stage of the Preoperational Period according to Piaget. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Wizard Of Oz : Parable On Populism1628 Words   |  7 PagesFairy tales are unique to literature as readers have the freedom to visualize an extraordinary world filled with imagination, excitement, and wonder, leaving reality to linger at the back of the mind. L. Frank Baum’s The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is a classic tale about Dorothy’s adventurous trip along the Yellow Brick Road, finding her way back to her Aunt Em in Kansas City. 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My First Long Term Relationship Essay - 1449 Words

College Years: After I graduated high school, shortly before I went to college, I began my first long-term relationship with a slightly younger guy. We became inseperable the summer after I graduated high school, and it was only a few months before I told him that I was in love with him. I tried to maintain the label of lesbian despite having a boyfriend because I was not yet ready to relinquish the title that gave me freedom to be masculine. Also, I felt uncomfortable relinquishing my lesbian title because it was the only label that I had ever truly identified with. Having not been introduced to diverse terms such as queer, pansexual, as so on, I didn’t not want to revert back to being straight or simply bisexual, as neither of these felt right to me. Klien explains that, while some youth coming out of the closet enjoy labels as a source or validation, other’s find them â€Å"frustrating or limiting (315).† At this point in my identity processing, labels only wo rked as limitations because I was afraid of labels. The label transgender represented a step that I wasn’t ready to make, but to be straight meant that I was letting go of the sense of difference I felt. It wasn’t until I took my first introductory Women’s Studies class that I became truly acquainted with the gender spectrum and the concept of queerness. For me, this opened the door to a new world of possibilities. I adopted the label agender and told people who asked about my sexuality that it existed within aShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Parents In Romeo And Juliet906 Words   |  4 Pagesdo not control every aspect of the youth’s lives, they still affect a large proportion. 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In Cold Blood Free Essays

In Cold Blood; a wonderful mystery novel written by Truman Capote  that incorporates mind-boggling suspense and  brutal detailing,  I believe he did achieve his goal to be both objective and sympathetic. Capote gave not only the detailed account of Perry Smith’s and Dick Hickock’s childhoods but also the murder of the Clutter family. Smith’s childhood was very problematic and scarred by years of abuse, making us feel as if he committed the murder because of his sorrow past. We will write a custom essay sample on In Cold Blood or any similar topic only for you Order Now Perry had on several occasions run off, set out to find his lost father, for he had lost his mother as well, learned to ‘despise’ her; liquor had blurred the face, swollen the figure of the once sinewy, limber Cherokee girl, had ‘soured her soul’, honed her tongue to the wickedest point, so dissolved her self-respect that generally she did not bother to ask the names of the stevedores and trolley-car conductors and such persons who accepted what she offered without charge†¦ Consequently, as Perry recalled, ‘Iu was always thinking about Dad, hoping he could come take me away†¦ † (Capote 161) This passage offers a glimpse into Perry’s childhood. He never had the solid upbringing or happy childhood, he was constantly miserable and in search of a father to save him from his drunken mother. This passage is meant to build sympathy toward Perry and to show that he suffered throughout his life. When he came to the Clutters they represented the life that he had always wanted, the life he hoped his father would bring him to, and the life he never had. We have pity for his unfortunate past when reading about how Perry has these recurring dreams, in which he is rescued from danger by yellow parrot, who â€Å"wings him away to paradise. † By the end of the book, however, we become aware of some of Dick’s own insecurities: his failure to achieve financial security and support his first wife, Carol, and their three children, and his sexual interest in young girls, both of which he recompense for with his reckless criminal actions. In the third section,  Answers, all the mystery that was hidden throughout the book is revealed. In this section reveals how they slayed the four helpless family members. There were also many interviews where Capote focuses on minor details that would seem sympathetic towards the killers. In this section Capote balances the intentions of being objective and sympathetic; a balancing effect that makes his intentions a Jack of all Trades but a master of none. Capote is sympathetic towards Smith within the progression of this book, as in page 246 he points out how â€Å"Perry Smith’s life had been no bed of roses but pitiful, an ugly and lonely progress toward one mirage and then another.    This covers the sympathy part of his intentions. Capote remains factual in this section by using many testimonies from both Perry and Dick thorough out the entire section. â€Å"I didn’t want to harm the man. I thought he was a very nice gentleman. Soft-spoken. I thought so right up to the moment I cut his throat. â€Å"(Smith 244). This quote from Perry is one of the defining pieces of evidence for those who believe that Perry was insane when he committed the murders. He commits the murders not because he wants to hurt anyone but because he takes out his own frustration at his situation upon them. The Clutters are just on the receiving end of his anger but they are not the source, they are only a symbolic example of the life and values that Perry has always wanted but never had. Work Cited/ Bibliography SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on In Cold Blood. † SparkNotes. com. SparkNotes LLC. n. d.. Web. 14 Aug. 2012. – – -. â€Å"The Story Behind a Nonfiction Novel. † Interview by George Plimpton. New York Times. New York Times Company, 1997. Web. 22 Dec. 2009. . Laubacher, Grace. Chazelle, Damien ed. *In Cold Blood Bibliography*. GradeSaver, 31 July 2009 Web. 30 August 2012. How to cite In Cold Blood, Essay examples In Cold Blood Free Essays Truman Capote was born in New Orleans in 1925, a harsh time in America. He was brought up in an amalgamation of places in the South of America, moving among New Orleans, Alabama and New Georgia. He began writing stories at the age of fourteen, depending on the seasonal changes. We will write a custom essay sample on In Cold Blood or any similar topic only for you Order Now He later went on to work for the New Yorker after having left school at fifteen. He soon became renowned as the author of the celebrated Breakfast at Tiffany’s. Finally, he published his masterpiece, In Cold Blood, which is most certainly a work of art that changed the nature of writing for all time to come. The novel is filled with contrasting themes, ranging between moments of sombreness and cheeriness, invoking various emotions when reading the non-fictional novel. The novel revolves around the lives of the infamous murderers, Richard Eugene Hickock and Perry Edward Smith and the story of how they murdered four innocent people, known as the Clutter family. This essay will explore the relationship between character and theme presented in In Cold Blood, referring specifically to the characters of Dick Hickock and Perry Smith, assessing the question about whether the characters are portrayed empathetically or as ruthless murderers, the theme of light versus dark being represented in each of these two characters. The contrast drawn between Dick and Perry and the Clutter family will be shown with reference to minor characters that influence the reader’s perceptions of the characters, as well as the effect of narrative scope on the novel. Firstly, Perry was born, â€Å"Perry Edward Smith Oct. 27 1928 in Huntington, Elko County, Nevada, which is situated way out in the boon docks, so to speak†¦ in 1929 [his] family had ventured to Juneau, Alaska† (Capote 274). He had not had a normal upbringing. His mother left his father at a young age and moved around the country without real love, friends or a proper grounding. Perry lived in a nunnery at one stage of his childhood where he was severely beaten to the stage of near death from drowning incidents caused by a certain nun. Therefore, it is no wonder that he felt as though the world was against him. Moreover, â€Å"Sitting, [Perry] seemed a more than normal-sized man, a powerful man, with the shoulders, the arms, the thick, crouching torso of a weight-lifter† but he was disproportionately structured, â€Å"when he stood up he was no taller than a 12-year-old child† (Capote 27). It is this that is ominously foreboding of his personality. At a first glance he seems to be grotesquely large and well-built, but further inspection allows one realise that he is merely, â€Å"overblown and muscle bound† (Capote 27). The same thought process is attached to his inner qualities; he seems at first, with his boyishly good-looks, to be soft and sweet, a part Indian and a part Irishmen to be a placid romantic. One would never assume at first that Perry is a cold-blooded killer. Instead, one would think the opposite with him being so caring of animals such a squirrels, enjoying the company of children and being an excellent artist and skilled guitar player – â€Å"With the aid of his guitar, Perry had [often] hung himself into a happy humour. He knew the lyrics of some two hundred hymns and ballads – a repertoire ranging [endlessly]† (Capote 59) But, through further analysis one finds that, â€Å"In some ways old Perry was â€Å"spooky as hell†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ He could slide into a fury†¦ â€Å"He might be ready to kill you, but you’d never know it, not to look at or listen to. †Ã¢â‚¬  (Capote 116) What was really going on with Perry, whether he was anxious or nervous, scared or ireful – even with his anxiety causing his blood to bubble, it was almost assured that he would remain cool, calm and collected on the outside, â€Å"with eyes serene and slightly sleepy† (Capote 116). Therefore, Perry had a,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"doom against which virtue was no defense† (Capote 185). He â€Å"had such a rotten life† (Capote 306). In many ways Perry is portrayed in an array of varying degrees of passivity and iniquity. It is then true to state that, â€Å"‘the path of the righteous man is beset on all sides with the iniquities of the selfish and the tyranny of evil men† (Jackson). He was in no doubt destined to the awful vengeance that was incurred upon him – death by hanging from the neck. In contrast to this, Dick Hickock lived a much better life than what Perry did; he lived a somewhat average middle-class lifestyle. As a child he eceived much love from his parents and at one stage received a bicycle for his birthday, which he was indeed very proud of. He partook in most sports and achieved highly even being given a scholarship to go to college (which he did not accept). Instead, he started working and married a young but pretty girl who was above his standards, and even though this was the case, they had children together. Furthermor e, Dick honestly thought of himself as, â€Å"a normal. And Dick meant what he said. He thought of himself as balanced, as sane as anyone – maybe a bit smarter than the average fellow†¦ (Capote 116) He too, at first, seems to be kind hearted as he tends to smile somewhat and make jokes. But with his harmless jokes come harmful ones too, such as in the closing moments of the court case where both Dick and Perry laughed loudly at Dick’s comment of, â€Å"No chicken-hearted jurors, they†! (Capote 307) Moreover, Dick’s truly evil side is portrayed when he speaks of his lust for young adolescents and his paedophiliac propensities. He openly claims that he, â€Å"never [gave] any thought to whether it is right or wrong† (Capote 278). This act in itself is worthy of maximum penalty and coupled with assisted murder of first degree on four counts it is no doubt that he too be destined to the ultimate punishment – death by hanging from the neck. One of the reasons why the novel is so appealing is the nature of its impartiality; in the partnership of Dick and Perry they are both portrayed empathetically as well as like ruthless killers. Throughout the novel there are minor characters that ensure that one feels empathy at times toward the dire-stricken duo and at other times one will feel detestation and abhorrence toward the cowardly couple. With regards to Perry one feels compassion for him when he explains the horrors of his childhood, the way in which he was so often mistreated and misguided and lost out on so many important aspects of growing up that would normally lead to living a normal life. Perry Smith wanted to go to college and receive a proper education and was most jealous of former in-mate Lowell Lee Andrews who had what he desired, despising him for it. One might feel sorry for him insofar that he suffers from pain in his legs as a result of a motorcycle accident and resultantly became an addict of aspirin. One might even be envious of him for he is full of wisdom, being opposed to conventionalism for, â€Å"there is considerable hypocrisy in conventionalism† (Capote 150) and for being so artistically and musically inclined. It is Perry’s father, Tex John Smith, and his friends, Donald Cullivan and Willie-Jay? On the other hand, though it need not be mentioned why, one feels utter distaste towards such a felon for his heinous crimes are unspeakable and his lack of remorse is most certainly worthy of hatred and the label of ‘a cold-blooded killer’. Perry’s cold-bloodedness is most clearly portrayed when he openly exclaims, â€Å"[he] didn’t want to harm [Herb Clutter]. [He] thought he was a very nice gentleman. Soft-spoken. [He] thought so right up to the moment [he] cut his throat. † (Capote, 246). With regards to Dick, one would also be inclined to think kindly of him because he is a clever and quirky man, always â€Å"quick with a joke, or to light up [one’s] smoke† (Joel). He would hardly be seen without a smile and to be quite charming. The people in his life, which cared for him most, would be his parents, Mr. nd Mrs. Hickock – who never spoke badly of their son and always had hope and faith in him, even up until the last moment. It is precisely this aspect which makes one feel compassion for Dick. However, one finds his actions inexcusable and sees him as a cold blooded killer insofar as he was the main instigator for the ‘score’ of the Clutter household. He was the ringleader and the mastermind of the whole operation and he perpetually insisted that him and Perry leave no witnesses standing. It is thus that he is rightfully named a ‘cold-blooded killer’. Furthermore, there is a great contrast with regards to the theme of light and dark pertaining to Dick and Perry and the Clutter family, for even though Dick and Perry initially seem to be somewhat gentle or not as malevolent as they are after what one eventually learns about them, they most certainly are laced with evil streaks. Conversely, the Clutter family, each and every one of them was of pure goodness, not just in appearance or facades but in their minds and hearts too. Their souls were comprised of untainted decency. They were a tightly knit unit that worked coherently to enrich others’ ives. Similarly, Dick and Perry also worked together, a team but conversely yet again, their aim was to impoverish other peoples’ lives. Moreover, the narrative scope is from two varying viewpoints: that of the Clutter  family  who were innocently murdered, and that of the two cold-blooded killers, Dick and Perry. The different points of view allow one to relive both sides of the story; Capote presents them without foregone conclusions hence, each standpoint is one of impartiality. Capote works wizardry with the use of the third person omniscient perspective to communicate the two points of view. Emphasis is laid on some important scenes in the novel because of the way it is not written in complete chronological order. Finally, by closely analysing various aspects of the novel such as character and theme, whether or not Dick and Perry are portrayed empathetically or as cold-blooded killers, and how the theme of dark versus light is portrayed in the two main characters in accordance with the Clutter family and the effect of narrative scope we can fully understand what a wonderful masterpiece Truman Capote has fashioned. Word Count: 1794 Bibliography Capote, Truman. In Cold Blood. New York: Penguin Books, 1965. Joel, Bille. â€Å"Pianoman. † Piano Man. cond. M Stewart. By Billie Joel. Los Angeles, 1973. Pulp Fiction. Dir. Quentin Tarantino. Perf. Samuel L. Jackson. 1994. How to cite In Cold Blood, Papers

Consumer Behavior – Demographic Trends

Question: Describe about the Consumer Behavior for Demographic Trends. Answer: Introduction The goal of each company is to expand its market share by having as many customers as possible. However, for the firms to achieve this objective they have to understand the behavior portrayed by the consumers concerning the various types of products or services(Durmaz TaÃ…Å ¸demir, 2014, p. 188). The understanding of the consumer behavior assist the companies in enhancing the marketing techniques by acquiring the comprehensive understanding of the several issues that affect the consumer purchasing process(Brosekhan Velayutham, 2013, p. 10). For example, through the study of the consumer behavior, the marketer will be able to know the psychological nature of the consumer regarding a particular product or brand. Again, the marketer can be able to identify the consumer behavior while shopping as well as how the consumer is motivated by the different brands of the products. These are just a few scenarios on how the understanding of the consumer behavior can be very effective for th e company when coming up with the marketing strategies. The core purpose of this report is to analyze and evaluate how the demographic aspect among the consumers can affect the purchasing power as well as the consumer buying decision and process. In addition to age, there are also other factors that make up the demography of the population. These factors include family size, marital status, income level, geographical location, occupation, education, race, and sex. These factors play very critical role in determining the marketing strategies and identifying market niche. However, demographic can also be used in play other roles which are very vital for the marketers and companies at large. This report seeks to identify another alternative of demography in monitoring trends and changes in both social and cultural environments when searching for new market opportunities. For an extensive and comprehensive discussion of this aspect, the report uses case studies of industries such as Gym, Pay to watch televisions and to eat out in the restaurants. Effects of Demographic Trends on Gym, Pay Television, and Restaurant Industries It has come out clearly that some of the demographic trends can have either negative or positive impact on the marketing of the company industries. Some of the trends that the report discusses the mention industries are the long lifespan of the senior citizens, Baby Boomers generation, Generation X, and current small families or single adult family normally referred to as Generation Y. Long Lifespan of the Senior Citizens Long lifespan among country citizens comes across with many challenges(Allebeck, 2009, p. 48). Besides, it does not only pose the problems to the nation economy but also to the industries manufacturing the products majorly consumed by the young generation. Based on the industries to be discussed in the group, this generation will have the various implications on the industries listed below: Gym/Fitness Industry The senior exercise for fitness is majorly based on walking, swimming, bike riding and hiking. This fully indicates that the majority of the senior citizens are not consumers of the gym products. This is because it is rarely to get the elderly as active as the young ones. As a result, they undertake the fitness exercises that do not involve a lot of energy. Therefore, it is evident that the population largely comprised of senior citizens who are deemed to have long lifespan will have negative impacts on the gym or fitness industry. Pay Television Industry Given the fact that the senior citizens are either depending on the government for provision of essential services or on their savings for expenditure, it will be very difficult for them to make pay television subscriptions. Therefore, the television industry will only have view customers, and thus it will be negatively affected. Restaurant Industry The senior citizens in the population are more like to eat at home than eating out in the restaurants. The findings indicate that the frequency of the people eating out tend to reduce as they get the order(Morran, 2013). This means that eat out restaurants industry will be affected if the large portion of the population comprised of senior citizens. Baby Boomers Generation Bearing in mind, the baby boomers have a lot of money to spend, and they are about to retire they may either negatively or positively affect the industries based on their plans when they are not working or their live savings. Gym/Fitness Industry A large percentage of the baby boomers do not spend more on gym industry. However, there is a relatively good percentage that usually engages fitness industry in older to reduce the risks associated with the people like the approach the age of the senior citizens(Villarreal, 2012). Therefore, baby boomers generation will have both negative and positive impacts on the gym industry. Pay-Television Industry Findings are found that baby boomers spend less on entertainment. Therefore, this means they will be less likely to get much involved in the pay television industry and thus the industry will be negatively affected. For example, it has been found that the spending of baby boomers on entertainment has been falling since 2010(Villarreal, 2012). Eat out Restaurant Industry. Despite the perceptions that baby boomers are the largest consumers in dining out the industry, the research findings dispute this(Villarreal, 2012). Instead, they indicate that baby boomers tend to spend more on education, adult children and mortgage debt other than either entertainment or dining out. Generation X The general definition of Generation X population implies the people born between the 1960s and 1970s. This is the generation which witnessed the introduction of advanced electronic devices as well as the eruption of the internet(Williams Page, 2013, p. 2). There are normally known to be proud when making their informed decisions. However, they are best known for turning into the internet when looking information about the best value for their money(Branwell, 2010). This generation will the various impacts on the following industries. Gym/Fitness Generation X in as an active generation and are likely to engage in fitness exercises. This because this generation is more independent minded and is likely to engage in independent buying decision choice. Again, they are earning and thus have income which can utilize in maintaining their fitness to look more attractive. Therefore, generation X will positively impact gym of the fitness industry. Pay-Television Industry Generation X are fond of entertainment. This is the fact they are still young spouses and thus determined to entertain their families. Therefore, generation X will be a good target market for the pay television industry. However, this will be budgeted for and will not come out through impulse buying. Eat out Restaurant Industry This generation is likely to frequent customers of eating out restaurant industry. This is because they tend to entertain their spouses as well as their young families by taking them out for dinner. Generation Y Generation X comprises of the population born between 1977 and 1994. This generation is majorly known for spending on a daily basis. This generation a bit spendthrift and thus more likely to be targeted marketers from different types of industries(Benjamin, 2008, p. 58). Therefore, generation Y will have negative impacts on industries discussed in this report. Gym/Fitness Industry Generation Y is very lively and active. They seem to care more about their body fitness, and they look. Therefore, they are more likely to engage in fitness that any other generation in the population. Pay Television industry Entertainment is quite evident in this group, and thus the higher percentage of the population will be consumers of the pay television industry products. Eat out Restaurant Industry The majority of the citizens in this generation are at dating age, or they are currently married. Therefore, they are like to go out for dinner during the dates. Again, they will tend to appease their partners by taking them out for dinner frequently. Other Demographic Trends Apart from age, other demographics trends that can influence consumer behavior are a level of income, gender, ethnicity, and race. Marketers are supposed to pick the right demographic attribute for the marketing campaign(Goldberg Gunasti, 2007, p. 165). This will ensure that the industry efficiently and effectively meets the needs of the target market satisfactory. About the chosen industries in this report other industries may affect them as discussed below: Level Income: Level of incoming determines the purchasing behavior as well the buying frequency of the consumer(Hawkes, 2007, p. 1965). Given the nature of the industries discussed in this report the level of income will be a key factor for the market entry of the case studied industries. Gender: Gender in the population is used by the marketers to ascertain the type of the product to offer in the market(Donnelly, 2008, p. 20). In the case studied industries gender will have little influence on their success. Ethnicity: Same as gender, ethnicity will not influence the entry of the three industries in the market. This because the products from the three industries are normally consumed by every ethnic group. Race: Again, race falls in the same category as gender and ethnicity. This is because products offered by the suggested industries seem to universal to be consumed by each group of them. Conclusion The findings indicate the demographic aspect is very essential factor to the marketers when determining the potentiality of the target market, marketing mix to be used to expand or penetrate into the new markets and in identifying market segments. Demographics are usually linked with the segmentation and the subculture of the population. Therefore, this makes demographic aspect very vital in the study and understanding of the consumer behavior. 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